Rising cases of dengue fever: how to protect yourself from the tiger mosquito?

France is facing an outbreak of imported dengue cases, meaning travelers returning to mainland France with the virus. Between 1 January and 19 April 2024, 1,679 cases were reported to the French Public Health Authority, compared to 131 in 2023. Faced with a new surge in mosquito activity and active mosquito season beginning in May, the Public Health Agency is calling for vigilance.

Recognizable by its black and white stripes and smaller than a coin, it is a species of mosquito. Aedes, also known as the tiger mosquito, can transmit diseases such as dengue fever if it has previously become infected by taking the blood of an infected person. It then transmits the virus in a new bite, after which the infected person may develop symptoms over the next 3 and 14 days.

More aggressive than his cousin. Culex, the tiger mosquito bites not only at night, but also during the day. It is currently present and active in all departments of Ile-de-France and can be reported to the Regional Health Agency (ARS) to better understand its spread throughout the territory.

Removing stagnant water

Only the female takes blood from mosquitoes. “The bite occurs after mating, when the female is fertilized. The blood collected during the bite provides a source of protein that promotes egg development,” ANSES said. And to lay eggs, they need water.

Thus, controlling the spread of tiger mosquitoes essentially involves removing stagnant water, specifically emptying the cups of flower pots. The trick is to put some sand in there to keep it moist. In addition, water collection containers should be covered with mosquito nets, gutters should be unclogged, and gardening tools and toys should not be left in the rain for several days in a row.

Impregnated mosquito nets for newborns.

Control of the tiger mosquito also involves the use of physical protection, such as loose, covering clothing, mosquito nets and repellents. DEET-based mosquito repellent solutions are the most effective if they are used regularly and in accordance with the instructions for use, determined by the concentration of the product.

For babies under two months of age for whom repellents are not recommended, the use of mosquito nets impregnated with pyrethroids is recommended. However, be careful that babies do not suffocate by grabbing and sucking on the mosquito net. Pregnant women and children under 12 years of age should also take precautions when using repellents.

“False decisions”

Public Health France adds to the advice, recommending using fans as mosquitoes hate moving air, connecting electric diffusers for longer-lasting protection and using coils outside.

UFC-Que Choisir, which looked at the effectiveness of mosquito repellents, on the other hand, warns about “false solutions” such as ultrasonic devices, mosquito bracelets or even essential oils that only partially protect. Apps that claim to protect against bites with sound repellents are useless.